Wednesday, January 17, 2018

Eugène Delacroix (1830). Liberty Leading the People: July 28, 1830 [oil on canvas]. Musée du Louvre, Paris.

The scene is clearly a reflection of perceptual reality, but the idea of liberty for the common man is prioritized over representing actual individuals and even the actual event. The fact that the ultimate price may be collected in exchange for a chance of winning or maintaining freedom is communicated, as is the idea that the risk is fully justified. While the scene of a battlefield is present, this work’s energy and motion is centered on the action of Lady Liberty figure, gathered by the hopeful, pleading gestures moving in her direction. She is not a person, she is an idea

Delacroix’ use of generous, muddied colors binds the composition together and allow the comparatively bright colors of the French flag to stand out and announce their symbolic meanings even more. Values both interlock and blend, stabilize the massive weight of the composition, and provide the scaffolding for his chromatic choices to communicate content so effectively. 


The battlefield and arrangement of figures create a stage for the Lady and her defender, the billowing smoke effectively a spotlight. The duo appear elevated and statue-like yet project dynamic action in large part due to the value-defined modeling used throughout the composition. A steady forward-to-back blending of subject and textural detail supports this organization of pictorial depth. Lady Liberty is highlighted, centrally-located, bracketed on either lateral side, half-naked and forces of motion terminate on her form. Accents of blue and red scattered on the canvas create secondary visual paths. 


Delacroix builds a massive foundation of stability based on pictorial balance, figurative arrangement and a masterful interlocking and blending of the full value range. From this pedestal, the cry for liberty, and willingness to give all for a chance to keep it, is shouted from the composition based on idealistic references to the political ideals classical antiquity and strictly measured employment of chroma. The woman leading the people into battle is barefoot and bare-chested, unprotected, symbolic of the legitimacy of the idea that she represents and the undeniability that her cause will prevail based on that self-evident truth.


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