Thursday, January 25, 2018

Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson (1797). Portrait of Jean-Baptiste Belley [oil on canvas]. Musée National du Château de Versailles.

Belley was a former slave sent from the French colony of Santi-Dominigue (now Haiti) to represent the colony during the French conventions. He was instrumental in the temporary abolition of slavery in 1794. They gained full citizenship until Napoleon reinstated slavery in 1801. The portrait-bust is of abolitionist philosophe Guillaume Raynal, whose work was continued by Belley. 
The orientation of the canvas and Belley’s contrapposto pose infuse the composition with an aspirational spirit. His expression and focus merge this idealism with a sense of inevitability, or effortless calm. The Naturalism and formal arrangement of this piece references the stylistic preferences of Girodet-Trioson’s mentor, Jacques-Louis David. 


The form of the subject noticeably contrasts with the angular architectural and figurative solid forms, though the portrait-bust is rendered with amazing sensitivity to the texture of flesh. While their visual development differs, they align in tone due to the spirit of national acceptance the ancient Roman Republic and that of the developing French Republic of the time represented. 


Two major sources of the visually pleasing nature of this masterpiece are the balances Girodet-Trioson strikes with light and dense tones and bright versus dull chroma. Value works hard, both defining subjects and developing their surfaces in space through sensitive modelling. The vagueness of the sky is reflected in the pedestal; overall the textures of this piece are rich and infuse its Naturalism with vitality. 


Girodet-Trioson creates a visually cohesive masterpiece through interest-generating contrasts in value and chroma against a context of liberalism and rich textures. This work in particular evidences a trend of the time moving away from the light-hearted, playful style typical of the Rococo in favor of a more substantial, crystallized formal style, a reordering of classical themes and subject matter, and stoic tone.


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