(architects unknown) (late first century bc). Pont du Gard [concrete and masonry]. Nîmes, France.

Precise balance characterizes the development of this structure both in mathematical, utilitarian terms and in its visually expressive qualities. The rhythmic simplicity of repeated arch-forms and consistent arrangement of constituents create what I would argue is a process rather than perceptual work. The arrangement and pacing of the upper-most arcade repeats the steady rhythm of the flowing water it carries. There is a remarkable interplay of rigid and curved forms moving along its axis. The distribution of positive and negative space is primarily responsible for this structure’s beauty, but for all of this, utility is foremost.

Structures such as the Pont du Gard, Basilica Ulpia, Pantheon and Colosseum are examples of the respect Romans had for habitable comfort, rational governance, faith and public entertainment. They are massive facsimiles of typical structures found in most Roman towns. Many of these structures have survived for centuries, based on simple forms formatted with a specific manner of expression. They reflect an emphasis on rationality, balance and order in the execution of their expressed purpose and the ease with which they reside in their surroundings.