Thursday, July 13, 2017

Goya, Francisco (1824). Bullfight [oil on canvas]. Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio.

A detailed, engaging painting that accomplishes a perfect balance of positive and negative space, purity and value use. The scene is wonderfully natural, yet is rendered in a unique way only Goya is capable of. | 
The scene brings to light a violent and inhumane form of entertainment. The purpose is to increase awareness of the carnage and suffering it brings, not just to people but to the animals as well. This is accomplished with oil on canvas. Shape and color properties are seamlessly unified in this work. The fine-tuned roughness of this painting unifies all grounds across the canvas with a subtle texture. The color scheme is a basic complementary purity gradient, used to near-perfection.
Value and purity create depth to great effect. Not only do they both create richness in the figures, color temperature is used (mostly cool) to aid in the intuitive sense of space. This work is asymmetrically static. The distribution of figures and lines of motion do the heavy lifting for creating balance, but so too does the value contrast across the top of the canvas. This is particularly effective, and unique (from my experience) to this painting alone. Flecks of shadow scattered in the left upper-corner, and the same with white in the right, create near inverted reflections of the respective areas.
Subjects and ground are both treated with gestural shapes characterized by finely-tuned detail. A cold tinge is felt throughout, yet is professionally counter-balanced by moments of warm colors. The purity of the identifiable colors is well contrasted against the muddy, high-key character of the entire scene. The interaction of the stage-center figures is the primary area of focus, followed by the loose pattern implied by the minuscule, rounded figures strewn across the top of the canvas. Color interaction is the secondary focal point where green and red highlights are found in near proximity. The dimensions of the frame strongly complement the lateral motion of the scene playing out. 
The style innate to Goya’s mind is beautiful, and this painting is an example of it. His choices in the use of shape, color dimensions and elemental economy support, and do nothing to distract from, his subtle yet unmistakable commentary on the subject activity. 


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