Monday, February 12, 2018

John Sloan (1907). Election Night [oil on canvas]. Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, Marion Stratton Gould Fund.

Energy in this boisterous work of realism is abundant and swirls in a bursting manner, but always directed within the canvas. The measured arrangement of light and middling values places more pictorial weight towards the right side of the canvas, but the composition is reasonably balanced. Communicating the celebratory mood of a segment of the population that already benefits from the cultural norms of metropolitan American society is the driving force behind this work. 
A roiling pattern of colorful, rounded forms unfurls from left to right across the canvas. Their playful warmth is emphasized and given further definition by the line of rectilinear, cold forms following the single-point perspective lines that sink into the background. Progressively smaller, blended forms and edges support the sense of depth inherent to this work. The color strategy is a distant third in establishing this plastic depth; neutral reds are set in opposition to cyanish-greens, with warmed yellows applied as well. 

Global formal development applies, which causes sharp contrasts in color and value to place primary focus on the woman front-and-center. Her attention is directed to her left, but the activity of the figure behind her leaves an impression as well. Individual moments of impossible highlighting are scattered throughout the scene, repeating the same message of celebration, which the observer is participating in. Though the street is packed, Sloan has communicated a certain sense of hollowness in his development of the tonal pattern. 

Sloan was considered the leading figure of the American Ashcan School of artistic expression. It was known for creating works that depicted both conventional and more realistic, ie “street level” or grimy, aspects of city life. Their works were rough and criticized for being incomplete. This work is a hybrid of street-level sketches Sloan put together one night during a spontaneous election celebration. 

The process is evident in specific canvas areas as well as in the generally rough rendering of the scene. This treatment is effective at communicating the energy of the revelers. The carefree attitude of economic openness characteristic of the early 20
th century is well documented. The unavoidable price that would be paid is evident in the sinister undertones Sloan has woven into the work. 




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